Understanding Sensory Differences in Infants and Toddlers

Every baby experiences the world through their senses — touch, sight, sound, taste, smell. Also through the lesser known senses of proprioception and kinesthesia (body awareness and movement). But not all babies process these sensations in the same way. Some seem to crave constant activity and stimulation, while others become easily overwhelmed by sound or touch. These sensory differences in infants and toddlers are part of what makes every child unique.

Learning to recognize your baby’s sensory preferences can help you support their comfort, encourage meaningful play, and know when to seek additional help.

What Are Sensory Differences in Babies?

The sensory system helps the brain understand and respond to information from the environment. When this system works smoothly, children can process sensations and react appropriately.

For some infants and toddlers, however, the sensory system can be more sensitive or less responsive. This can affect how they move, play, eat, and interact.

Understanding your child’s sensory profile can help you tailor activities, routines, and environments to support their growth and confidence.

Sensory Avoiding Behaviors in Infants and Toddlers

A sensory avoiding baby or toddler may be more sensitive to sensory input. Everyday sensations — such as bright lights, loud noises, or certain textures — can feel overwhelming.

Common Signs of Sensory Avoidance:

• Covering ears or crying in noisy places

• Disliking touch, cuddling, or certain fabrics

• Avoiding swings, slides, or movement activities

• Resisting diaper changes or grooming routines

How to Support a Sensory Avoiding Child:

• Create calm play spaces with soft lighting and quiet sounds

• Use slow, predictable movements and firm but gentle touch

• Introduce new textures gradually — let your child watch and explore at their own pace

• Offer calm transitions between activities to prevent sensory overload

These strategies can help your child feel safe while still encouraging gentle exploration and learning.

Sensory Seeking Behaviors in Infants and Toddlers

On the other end of the spectrum are sensory seeking behaviors. These children crave extra input — they may love movement, loud noises, and touch, often appearing busy or always “on the go.”

Common Signs of Sensory Seeking:

• Enjoying spinning, bouncing, or rough-and-tumble play

• Touching everything or mouthing objects beyond infancy

• Craving strong movement, pressure, or sound

• Having difficulty sitting still or focusing on quiet play

How to Support a Sensory Seeking Child:

• Provide safe ways to move: crawling tunnels, climbing cushions, or dancing to music

• Include “heavy work” play like pushing, pulling, or carrying toys

• Offer sensory-rich play such as water tables, textured balls, or musical instruments

• Balance active play with calming breaks (rocking, reading, or snuggling in a blanket)

Giving sensory seekers the right kind of input helps them feel focused, secure, and ready to learn.

Encouraging Meaningful Play Across the Sensory Spectrum

Every child benefits from a mix of sensory experiences — not too little, not too much. You don’t need to label your child as a “seeker” or “avoider.” Instead, think of sensory play as a spectrum.

Tips for Supporting All Sensory Needs:

• Follow your child’s lead: Watch for cues that show enjoyment or discomfort.

• Offer variety: Introduce new sensations through everyday routines — bath time, outdoor play, or mealtime.

• Balance activity and calm: Alternate between high-energy play and quiet moments.

• Encourage exploration: Provide opportunities to try new textures, sounds, and movements safely.

Meaningful play happens when a baby feels safe and regulated. When sensory needs are met, children can focus on learning, bonding, and having fun.

When to Seek Help for Sensory Processing Concerns

While sensory differences are common, sometimes they can interfere with daily routines or development. If you’re concerned, trust your instincts and talk with your child’s pediatrician.

Consider reaching out for support if your child:

• Has extreme reactions to routine activities (bathing, dressing, feeding)

• Avoids or craves sensory experiences to the point it limits play or learning

• Shows frequent distress in new environments

• Has delays in motor skills or struggles to calm after stimulation

A pediatric occupational therapist can help identify your child’s sensory needs and create strategies to support development through play-based activities.

The Takeaway: Every Sensory Experience Matters

Sensory differences in babies and toddlers are not “problems” — they’re part of what makes your child’s development unique. By understanding whether your little one seeks or avoids certain sensations, you can help them find comfort and joy in their daily world.

With patience, observation, and the right activities, you can help your child thrive — one sensory experience at a time.